Distributed Systems

Unit 1: Introduction to Distributed System Concepts

Introduction to Distributed Systems
- Distributed computing models
- Software concepts and design issues
- Client-server model
- Case studies: WWW 1.0, 2.0, 3.0
Protocols for Distributed Systems
- Key examples of distributed systems
- Trends in distributed systems

Interprocess Communication
- API for internet protocols
- External data representation
- Multicast communication
Network Virtualization
- Overlay networks (Case study: MPI)
Remote Invocation and Distributed Objects
- Remote Invocation:
  - Request-reply protocols
  - Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
  - Remote Method Invocation (RMI)
- Case studies:
  - Java RMI
  - Enterprise Java Beans (EJB)
Group Communication and Shared Memory Approaches
- Publish-subscribe systems, message queues
- Distributed objects and components

Peer-to-Peer Systems
- Overview: Napster and its legacy
- Peer-to-peer middleware and routing overlays
- Case studies: Pastry, Tapestry
Distributed File Systems
- Introduction and architecture
- Case study: Andrew File System (AFS)
- File system features:
  - File model
  - File accessing models
  - File sharing semantics
Naming in Distributed Systems
- Identifiers, addresses, name resolution
- Namespace implementation and caching
- Case study: LDAP

Duplication and Synchronization
- Clocks, events, and process states
- Synchronizing physical clocks, logical time, and global states
Coordination and Agreement
- Distributed mutual exclusion, elections
- Transactions: Nested transactions, locks, and concurrency control
- Protocols: Atomic commit, timestamp ordering, optimistic concurrency control
- Distributed deadlocks and replication
- Case study: Coda
Process Management
- Process migration: Features and mechanisms
- Threads: Models, issues, and implementation
- Resource management